data requirements

no special requirements

Works with standard inputs without special requirements

62 techniques
GoalsModelsData TypesDescription
Mean Decrease Impurity
Algorithmic
Architecture/tree Based
Paradigm/supervised
+1
Tabular
Mean Decrease Impurity (MDI) scores how much each feature contributes to a tree-based model, such as a random forest, by...
Coefficient Magnitudes (in Linear Models)
Metric
Architecture/linear Models
Paradigm/parametric
+2
Tabular
Coefficient Magnitudes explains a linear model by reading its fitted coefficients. Each coefficient shows how much the...
Layer-wise Relevance Propagation
Algorithmic
Requirements/model Internals
Architecture/neural Networks
+3
Any
Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) explains a neural network's prediction by working backwards from the output to...
Contextual Decomposition
Algorithmic
Architecture/neural Networks/recurrent
Requirements/white Box
+1
Text
Contextual Decomposition explains why an LSTM, a neural network that reads text one word at a time, made a particular...
Taylor Decomposition
Algorithmic
Requirements/model Internals
Architecture/neural Networks
+3
Any
Taylor Decomposition explains one prediction of a neural network by splitting its output score into a contribution from...
Sobol Indices
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Tabular
Sobol indices show how much of the variation in a model's output can be traced to each of its inputs. The analyst sets a...
Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Any
LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) explains individual predictions by approximating the complex...
Ridge Regression Surrogates
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Tabular
A ridge regression surrogate approximates a complex model with a linear equation fitted to the complex model's own...
Partial Dependence Plots
Visualisation
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Tabular
Partial Dependence Plots show how changing one or two features affects a model's predictions on average. The technique...
Individual Conditional Expectation Plots
Visualisation
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Tabular
Individual Conditional Expectation (ICE) plots display the predicted output for individual instances as a function of a...
Gradient Saliency
Algorithmic
Architecture/neural Networks
Requirements/differentiable
+2
Image
Gradient saliency (also called vanilla gradient saliency) is the simplest gradient-based explanation for image...
Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping
Algorithmic
Architecture/neural Networks/convolutional
Requirements/architecture Specific
+3
Image
Grad-CAM (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) draws a heatmap over an image showing which regions most raise a...
Occlusion Sensitivity
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Image
Occlusion sensitivity shows which parts of an input a model's prediction is sensitive to. A region of the input, such as...
Attention Weight Analysis
Algorithmic
Architecture/neural Networks/recurrent
Architecture/neural Networks/transformer
+2
Image
Text
Attention weight analysis reads the weights an attention-based neural network assigns to the parts of its input, to see...
Factor Analysis
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Paradigm/unsupervised
+1
Tabular
Factor analysis looks for a small number of hidden factors that explain why a larger set of measured variables, such as...
Principal Component Analysis
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Paradigm/unsupervised
+1
Any
Principal component analysis (PCA) summarises a dataset that has many numeric features by finding a few new axes along...
t-SNE
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Any
t-SNE (t-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding) turns high-dimensional data into a two- or three-dimensional map...
UMAP
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Any
UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) is a non-linear dimensionality reduction method that turns...
Contrastive Explanation Method
Algorithmic
Architecture/neural Networks
Paradigm/discriminative
+4
Any
The Contrastive Explanation Method (CEM) explains one prediction of a classifier, such as a neural network, by...
ANCHOR
Algorithmic
Architecture/model Agnostic
Requirements/black Box
Tabular
ANCHOR explains one prediction of a black-box classifier with an if-then rule, called an anchor, such as 'age > 30 AND...
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